Saturday, March 10, 2012

Dodge Avenger RT, 2012

 
 
 
Dodge Avenger RT, 2012

The new 2012 Dodge Avenger R/T makes its worldwide auto show debut at the 2011 New York International Auto Show.

With exceptional V-6 fuel economy, the new Dodge Avenger is the perfect sedan for the customer who wants an enthusiastic driving performance at a great value. With a stiffened suspension, best-in-class 283 horsepower engine, center-mounted tachometer and performance-inspired interior and exterior design, the 2012 Dodge Avenger R/T ups the driving fun factor.

In 2011, Dodge introduced the new Dodge Avenger mid-sized sedan. With more standard features than other vehicles in the segment - an all-new interior, a new powertrain, including one of Ward's "10 Best Engines," the best-in-class 283 horsepower 3.6-liter Pentastar V-6 engine mated to a six-speed automatic transaxle, a significantly updated suspension that results in exceptional driving dynamics and an updated design - the Dodge Avenger is a vehicle packed with value and a style all its own.

The new for 2012 Dodge Avenger R/T model builds on all the improvements made to the 2011 model giving mid-size sedan customers an unmatched driving experience along with Dodge attitude.

The Dodge engineers amplified the driving experience by giving the Dodge Avenger R/T a superlative powertrain and performance-tuned suspension. The 2012 Dodge Avenger R/T is powered by the 3.6-liter Pentastar V-6 engine mated to a six-speed automatic transaxle, which has an EPA fuel economy rating of 19 mpg city and 29 mpg highway.

To make it stay true to the Dodge R/T DNA, engineers tuned the Avenger's suspension specifically to the R/T model. They increased roll stiffness by 18 percent, and spring rates by 17 percent in the front and more than 12 percent in the rear. Front strut damping rates are increased 15 percent, rear strut damping rates are increased almost 20 percent and the rear stabilizer bar diameter is 2 mm larger, increased from 19 mm to 21 mm. The suspension changes result in a spirited, performance sedan driving experience. With best-in-class 283 horsepower, and still delivering 29 miles per gallon on the highway, the Dodge Avenger R/T is unmatched in its class.

The Dodge Avenger R/T model exterior has unique exterior design elements, including a unique body-color grille with the Dodge badge, menacing black headlamp background, the "war paint" R/T decal on the front quarter panel and unique 18-in. painted aluminum wheels. The performance elements carry through to the rear of the vehicle with a spoiler and the "R/T" badge.

The interior of the 2012 Dodge Avenger R/T sports distinctive Aunde fabric with Z stripe fabric inserts, red stitching and aggressive leather-trimmed bolsters that hold drivers and passengers firmly in their seats when they put the Avenger to the test. The front seats are heated and sport an "R/T" graphic stitched in red on the front headrests. Drivers will notice a cockpit unlike other Avenger models. It features a unique gauge cluster with a center-mounted tachometer with the "R/T" graphic and SRT-inspired brake and accelerator pedal pads. The steering wheel is wrapped in perforated leather with red accent stitching. A Boston Acoustic sound system compliments the standard 276-watt touchscreen entertainment center with a 30-gigabyte hard drive. The excellent sound system and remote start are some of the many standard features on the Dodge Avenger R/T model.

The Dodge Avenger mid-size sedan is a 2011 Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Top Safety Pick, and provides customers an abundance of standard safety and high-tech features designed to keep drivers connected with their hands on the wheel and eyes on the road. Standard safety features include advanced multi-stage front passenger air bags, front seat side air bags, electronic stability control with electronic traction control, four-wheel anti-lock brakes, supplemental side curtain air bags and LATCH child seat anchor system.

For 2011, the Dodge Avenger mid-size sedan is available in four different configurations, and features a five-year, 100,000-mile powertrain warranty. The Avenger Express, Avenger Mainstreet, Avenger Heat and Avenger Lux are available in Dodge dealerships now. The 2012 Dodge Avenger R/T model will start arriving in dealerships in the third quarter of 2011.
Read More

Chevrolet Captiva, 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chevrolet Captiva, 2012

Chevrolet was the creator of the first sports utility vehicle back in the 1930's with the iconic Suburban, a nameplate that has spanned an incredible seven decades and is still going strong in the U.S. today.

All the changes and improvements that have been made, the new Chevrolet Captiva retains the advantages of its adaptable, theater-style seating in three rows which comfortably accommodate up to seven passengers and the electronically controlled all-wheel drive system that distributes power as it's needed.

Chevrolet Captiva captures the spirit of the age
The appeal of a vehicle like the Chevrolet Captiva is that it will fulfill its duties on the shopping run one day, it will then take half the football team to the match the next day, followed by some off-roading or a trip onto the beach on the weekend.

Across Europe, Chevrolet Captiva has sold around 120,000 units since the end of 2006, with its popularity not restricted to one region; strong sales have been recorded in Italy, Spain, Germany, Turkey, France and the U.K. The popularity of the SUV segment shows no signs of abating; back in 2005, it represented 6.2% of the total European market, while at the end of October 2010 its share of the market had rocketed to nearly 10%. In Western and Central Europe, the segment represents 9% of all sales, in line now with both the mid-size and mini car sectors, which only a few years ago would have eclipsed SUV sales.

The Exterior Design
Few can deny the handsome profile and confident stance of the current Chevrolet Captiva, still looking as fresh and modern as the day it was launched - until perhaps you see the new Chevrolet Captiva, an example of an already strong design being honed in all the right areas to ensure it has a more dynamic presence, but without losing any of the original Captiva design essence.

Taewan Kim, GM Vice President of Design, in charge of the Captiva project: "The key ingredient of the new design that you see with Captiva is confidence. The changes we have made to the front profile give the new Chevrolet Captiva an even more athletic stance and strong overall character. We wanted to ensure that we lost none of the spirit of the original model, while giving it a stronger and more sophisticated appearance. Captiva has presence but without looking overly big; it looks capable but also compact."

A number of features are immediately noticeable when viewing the new Captiva from the front. The dual-opening grille has become one of the Chevrolet signatures, and there is no mistaking its intention on Chevrolet Captiva: significantly larger than on the outgoing model, it looks distinctive and progressive with its unique flattened honey-comb texture and chrome surrounds, lending the new model an almost high-performance car feel.
Sitting in the center line between each grille is the prominent family Chevrolet bow-tie, ten percent larger than before and finished with a grained, gold surface.

Just above the grille, Captiva's aluminum hood is all new, its concave and sculptured lines also designed to make the front profile more aggressive and powerful. Working in tandem with the new hood, the headlamps take on a more purposeful shape while the cylindrical, prism-type lamps, housed inside the casings, look high-end and modern.

The area around the front fog lamps in the lower section of the front bumper has received a lot of attention, so that the fog lamp outline now runs seamlessly into the skid plate, which gives the whole front a more unified look.

The designers also refer to the 'character lines' incorporated into the new shape front bumper. They have been cleverly shaped so that they sweep into the body sides which not only adds to Chevrolet Captiva's more aggressive character at the front, but also contributes to the overall stance when viewing the new car in profile as the line rises toward the rear of the vehicle.

Sporty, muscular profile
Moving round to the front fenders, the side air-vents have been re-shaped and now take on a more angular shape to emphasize the new Captiva's sporting intentions. They are positioned in line with the rising shoulder line which runs along the profile all the way to the rear light cluster and gives the new Chevrolet Captiva its overall stance.

Captiva's front fenders now also have re-sculptured and more muscular wheel arches - complete with rugged protective moldings - and are able to accommodate increased wheel sizes of between 17 to 19-inches. The 19-inch wheel comes as standard fitment with top of the range models, but all Captivas come with generously sized alloy wheels which have attractive, rugged five or six-spoke design.

A number of detail features contribute to give the new Chevrolet Captiva an upscale look, such as the chrome strip that runs along the bottom edge of the windows and the turn signals integrated into the exterior wing mirrors, now a standard feature. Judiciously applied 'brightwork' has also been applied around the upper and lower grille surround, the fog lamp bezels, side body moldings and front fender vents. Depending on the trim, the Captiva comes with black roof-rail and body-colored door handles, or silver roof-rails and door handles.

The Chevrolet Captiva's characteristic kink in the C-pillar remains and along with the shape of the rear side window and the raked roofline, give the Captiva a coupe-like appearance toward the rear.

The Interior Design
Climbing aboard the new Captiva, the first impression is one of abundant light and spaciousness. It's a quality that has always been there with the Chevrolet Captiva, but now and in tandem with the enhancements to the exterior design, the interior's ambience has been taken up several notches in terms of quality and functionality.

It is still available with five or seven seats and with storage space that is among the best in class. The Captiva's new upgraded interior now features an array of new finishes and textures, taking the new model up-market in feel and look.

A number of the elements found in the cabin have recently been introduced on other new Chevrolets, to ensure the best of the family DNA runs consistently through the model range, while one or two others, like the electric park brake for example, are the kind of premium feature normally reserved for higher end vehicle segments.

Of the characteristics that can be found on other new Chevrolet interiors, one of the key signatures is the dual-cockpit design and wrap-around front fascia, something that is well illustrated inside the Captiva. The Corvette-inspired dual cockpit lends the cabin a natural symmetry, while the wrap around fascia, which flows from the dash into the top sections of the driver's and front passenger doors, gives the front of the cabin a seamless, unified look.

Perceived quality improved
The perception of quality in the cabin has been significantly enhanced with the new Captiva. A raft of upgrades which may seem minor individually, when taken as a collective add up to a major overhaul, which takes the Chevrolet Captiva much more up-market.

Particular examples of this include the new seat fabrics, the satin chrome rings which accent the cabin vents which have been re-shaped for better ventilation and de-misting performance, the horizontal trim which runs the full width of the interior between the lower and upper instrument panel and the re-designed more premium gearshift lever.

In line with Chevrolet interior DNA, the interior illumination in the control faceplates is now a crisp, high-tech ice-blue while the analogue instrument cluster itself has also been modernized.

The center stack features a new digital clock while new switches for the heated seats are re-positioned at the base of the infotainment display for better ergonomics. Switches for the electric wing mirrors and headlamps have also been re-positioned for easier and safer reach for the driver.

The center console has been given a facelift with new vinyl surfacing and interior finish; it has also been repositioned marginally lower than previously - and is slightly longer - to improve the position of the armrest.

Practicality and versatility are still there
Practical considerations have not been lost amid the drive for better quality and finish. Consequently, the new Captiva's cabin is as functional as it is attractive, with storage to cater for the increasingly diverse demands of today's motorists.

Its reputation as one of the more versatile SUVs on the market is retained with the continued availability of a seven-seater version, whereby the additional two seats are accommodated in theater style seating across a third row. Access is straightforward as the second row can be easily folded forward and tumbled. When the third row of seats isn't required, it can be folded virtually flush, producing a cargo volume to the second row of 769 liters (477 liters below window line). By folding flat both the second and third rows the cargo area is increased so that it is one of the most voluminous in the compact SUV class at 1,577 liters (942 liters below window line). Even with the third row of seats in place, the Chevrolet Captiva maintains a useful 97 liters of available space.

A significant area has been opened up by the fitment of an electric park brake, the switch for which is placed at the base of the center console. Full use has been made of the rear console space as a result, including the integration of dual cup holders that slide underneath the console armrest to reveal a further storage compartment.

Further storage includes pockets to the back of the front seats, large compartments in the doors and on models with LT or LTZ trim, a drawer beneath the front passenger seat.
New Captiva retains its generous interior dimensions; shoulder room in the first and second row of seats is 1455 mm while leg room is 1036 mm in the front and 946 mm at the rear; headroom is 1026 mm in the front and 1017 mm in the rear.

The Captiva comes with Aux-in and Bluetooth connectivity with commands integrated on the steering wheel as standard, as well as a USB port offered with the 7 inch screen navigation system.
Sound quality inside the cabin has been improved, as the audio speakers have been re-positioned in the doors and a raft of engineering improvements to the interior acoustics - including on the windshield, doors and headlining - have resulted in reduced road, wind and engine noise.

Ride & Handling
Since its launch, Chevrolet Captiva has featured a range of chassis and active safety technologies such as ABS, ESC and TCS. However, a raft of improvements has been made to chassis hardware on the new model to make Captiva an even safer, more composed and enjoyable drive on the road.

The new Captiva's credentials as a true sports utility are underpinned by the option of the latest active on-demand four-wheel drive, which means that Chevrolet Captiva not only has excellent safety reserves, but true to its nature, it can be taken off the beaten track when its occupants are feeling a little more adventurous.

The chassis features McPherson suspension at the front and an independent four-link axle at the rear. All four wheels are fitted with internally ventilated disc brakes - 296 mm at the front and 303 mm at the rear - and a modern ABS system, which features sensors on all wheels and is standard on all models. For new Captiva, improvements have been made to the ABS software to further reduce stopping distances.
New Captiva comes with electronically controlled, speed-sensitive steering as standard which means lower steering effort for the driver and better steering precision.

For the first time on Chevrolet Captiva, Hill Start Assist (HSA) will feature on all vehicles. This clever feature will ensure that no driver needs to worry about roll-back on hills when moving off from stationary; HSA holds the vehicle on gradients of 3% or steeper for 1.5 seconds after the brake pedal has been released, to assist in a smoother and safer drive away from standstill.

Out on the road is where owners of the new Captiva will feel the improvements made to the chassis hardware. Special attention has been paid to improve cornering characteristics by reducing body roll while also enhancing ride feel. Consequently, front spring rates are increased from 30 N/mm to 33 N/mm for better ride stability; the spring isolators have been softened to improve ride isolation; body roll is reduced through the use of a larger front stability bar while the front bushings are re-tuned to improve impact 'feel' and minimize road vibration.
At the rear, damper and spring rates are increased to improve isolation and a larger rear stabilizer bar is introduced to improve rear vehicle balance, while the use of a hydraulic rear link is introduced to reduce vertical floor shake.

All-wheel drive when you need it
Customers will retain the option of choosing between two and four-wheel drive. The optional active on-demand four-wheel drive system brings the rear wheels into play via an electronically controlled clutch, for optimum traction in a flash when needed. Front-to-rear torque distribution can be varied continuously and automatically up to a ratio of 50:50. Under normal circumstances, 100% of drive is to the front wheels.

In addition to wheel slip, AWD also senses engine speed, vehicle speed, yaw and steering angle. The all wheel drive system is fully integrated into the ABS and ESC system to increase control yet further.

ESC has it all covered
New Captiva's electronic stability control program is an advanced system which works on individual wheels to prevent loss of grip and therefore loss of control. By processing a range of data such as vehicle speed and steering and yaw angle, it automatically intervenes in a critical situation; so for example, if oversteer is detected it will brake the front wheel on the outside of the curve, while understeer is corrected by slowing the inside rear wheel.

ESC incorporates a number of individual functions, all of which have their specific active safety role to play and are controlled by high-speed CANBUS data line. Individual functions include Hydraulic Brake Assist, Descent Control System and Active Rollover Protection.

Hydraulic Brake Assist increases the braking force applied in an emergency by recognizing if the brake pedal has been applied suddenly by the driver, thus reducing overall braking distances; Descent Control System allows the driver to concentrate purely on steering by automatically slowing the vehicle on steep gradients, without the driver having to keep a heavy foot on the brake pedal.

With SUVs generally having a higher centre of gravity than other passenger cars, Active Rollover Protection is another guardian against more extreme situations. It is able to detect sudden lateral vehicle movements that might be typical of avoiding an obstacle for example, and in doing so, reduces lateral acceleration at the front wheel to prevent the onset of pitch and roll.

Wheel and tire combinations
Setting the new Chevrolet Captiva off perfectly and available for the first time, the top level LTZ trim comes as standard with a handsome 19-inch wheel. The new 19-inch rim is fitted with 235/50 R19 profile tires.

Other trim levels are also adorned with generous wheel and tire combinations, designed to not only enhance the Captiva's profile but ensure that occupants get a smooth, quiet and comfortable ride. LT Plus models come with an 18-inch wheel and 235/55 R18 profile tires, while the LS and LT models come as standard with a 17-inch rim fitted with 235/60R17 profile tires. All alloy wheels are an attractive, rugged five or six-spoke design.
Development on the Captiva's chassis had a distinctly European flavor, and was mainly carried out at GM's facilities in Pferdsfeld, Germany, and at Millbrook Proving Ground in Bedfordshire, U.K.
Read More

Friday, March 9, 2012

Ferrari FF, 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ferrari FF, 2012

The 81st Geneva International Motor Show played host to the unveiling of two major new Prancing Horse innovations: the revolutionary Ferrari FF, a four-wheel drive four-seater with a mid-front V12 that is the most powerful and versatile car Ferrari has ever built, and the 458 Italia sporting the HELE (High Emotions Low Emissions) System which cuts CO2 to just 275 g/km.

The revolutionary Ferrari FF offers a completely new take on the sporting Grand Tourer theme. It is not only the first Ferrari with four-wheel drive, but, more significantly, a model that hails a major break with the past, effortlessly melding extreme sports car performance with the versatility and usability of a genuine GT and boasting an extremely innovative design.

Every single area of the Ferrari FF brims with innovation, not least its engine, the first GDI V12 to be coupled with the seven-speed F1 dual-clutch gearbox. The V12 unleashes a massive 660 CV at 8,000 rpm, and maximum torque of 683 Nm at 6,000 rpm with 500 Nm already available at just 1,000 rpm. This ensures the performance figures of an extreme sports car, with the 0-100 km/h sprint covered in 3.7 seconds and a top speed of 335 km/h. Efficiency has been significantly boosted too, with fuel consumption now standing at just 15.4 litres per 100 km, and CO2 emissions at 360 g/km, a 25 per cent reduction compared to the previous V12s, thanks in part to the HELE (High Emotions- Low Emissions) System which incorporates Stop&Start technology.

Uniquely, the Ferrari FF also guarantees this exceptional performance on terrain with very low grip coefficients, thanks to Ferrari's own patented 4RM four-wheel drive system. Torque is still delivered by the rear wheels, but the PTU (Power Transfer Unit) ensures that as much as is required is also transferred to the front wheels when necessary on low grip surfaces. The Ferrari FF intelligently distributes torque to each of the four wheels individually, thanks to the fact that all of the dynamic vehicle controls (E-Diff, F1-Trac and PTU) have been integrated into a single CPU.

Exceptional sporty driving is guaranteed by the Ferrari FF's transaxle architecture (mid-front engine with gearbox over the rear axle) and the positioning of 53% of weight to the rear of the car. Meticulous attention has been taken in lightening the engine (new castings), bodyshell (new aluminium alloys and production processes) and a host of other components. The interior has also been optimised through the use of high-tech materials such as magnesium for the seats. Third generation Brembo carbon-ceramic brakes are now lighter and longer-lasting, with virtually negligible wear during normal use on the road. All of these innovations have combined to produce an absolutely exceptional weight-power ratio of 2.7 kg/CV, a new benchmark for this kind of car.

Styled by Pininfarina, the Ferrari FF's lines effortlessly reflect its signature uncompromising balance of sportiness and versatility. It can comfortably accommodate four in its bodyhugging seats and spacious cabin. Its 450 litre boot can also be extended to 800 litres as the rear seats fold down independently. This means that the Ferrari FF offers more luggage space not only than any other car in its category, but also many four-door saloons, too.

Everything aboard the Ferrari FF is tailored specifically to the needs and tastes of its driver with a choice of six exclusive colours and the finest Frau aniline leathers specially treated to enhance their natural softness. The Ferrari FF's exceptional specification enhances in-car enjoyment for all four occupants. Features include a new rear-seat infotainment system with two screens for watching TV and DVD and a 1,280 Watt, 16-channel stereo system with Dolby Surround Sound.

The three FFs on the stand in Geneva are joined by a 458 Italia, the 599 GTB Fiorano with the sporting HGTE package, and a Ferrari California in an elegant Blu Tour De France finish. The Ferrari California is enjoying incredible sales success and is also the model subject to the widest range of personalisation requests in Ferrari's line-up. The V8- engined convertible is, in fact, very popular in the special two-tone and three-layer paint option finishes, with additional original interior combinations of materials, colours and trim solutions. The extraordinary success of the Ferrari California testifies to its enduring and sophisticated appeal.

Ferrari FF TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Engine
        Type: 65° V12
        Total displacement: 6262 cc
        Bore/stroke: 94 mm x 75,2 mm
        Maximum power: 660 CV @ 8000 rpm
        Maximum torque: 683 Nm @ 6000 rpm
        Specific power: 77 kW/litre - 105 CV/litre
        Maximum revs: 8000 rpm
        Compression ratio: 12,3:1

    Dimensions and weight
        Length: 4907 mm
        Width: 1953 mm
        Height: 1379 mm
        Wheelbase: 2990 mm
        Front track: 1676 mm
        Rear track: 1660 mm
        Dry weight: 1790 kg
        Kerb weight: 1880 kg
        Weight distribution: 47% front, 53% rear
        Boot volume: 450 litres
        Fuel tank capacity: 91 litres

    Wheels and tyres
        Front: 245/35 ZR 20 8,5 J x 20"
        Rear: 295/35 ZR 20 10,5 J x 20"
        Rear (winter tyres): 285/35 ZR20 10,5 J x 20"
    Brakes
        Front: 398 mm x 38 mm
        Wheel: 360 mm x 32 mm
    Transmission and gearbox
        4RM (four-wheel drive) and 7-speed dual-clutch transmission
    Electronic controls
        4RM control (full integration of all controls: F1-Trac, E-Diff and PTU); ABS/EBD; ESC
    Suspension
        SCM3

    Performance
        Top speed: 335 km/h
        0-100 km/h: 3,7 sec
        0-200 km/h: 11 sec
        100-0 km/h: 35 m
        Weight/power ratio: 2,7 kg/CV
        Consumption and emissions (ECE + EUDC combined cycle)
        Consumption: 15,4 l/100 km
        CO2 emissions: 360 gr/km
Read More

Citroen DS3, 2011

 
 
 
 Citroen DS3, 2011

Citroën has announced the new Citroën DS3  at the Frankfurt Motor Show 2009. The Citroën DS3  the first model from Citroën's brand new DS line, a product range consisting of three distinctively styled, attention-grabbing models that highlight the very best of Citroën's 'créative technologie.'

With razor sharp styling and a visually-arresting design, Citroën DS3 is a radical take on the compact urban vehicle and a contemporary breath of fresh air for the class.

Designed to meet the requirements of even the most demanding connoisseur, Citroën DS3 offers an extensive array of style, personalisation and quality materials for a bespoke and refined driving experience, whilst at the same time embodying the very latest Citroën technology including fuel-efficient, environmentally-considerate engines.

STUDIO STYLING
Citroën's creative talent for innovative vehicle design manifests itself on every feature of the Citroën DS3.

From all angles, the car's undeniable on-road presence and refreshing style is evident with stand-out elements such as the colour-contrasted 'floating roof', 'shark fin' B-pillar and sleek design of the front LED lights - a desirable feature usually seen on premium models.

Inside, the atmosphere in the cabin is one of class and contemporary elegance with an exceptional attention to detail and an extensive use of luxury materials such as leather and chrome. The upper part of the flowing dashboard echoes the floating roof. Thermo-coated components are used throughout - an organic, soft grain material, which contrasts perfectly with the smooth, lacquered effect of the strip runs the full width of the dash from driver to passenger side.

"MY DS3!"
The innovative Citroën DS3 provides extensive levels of personalisation - both inside and out.

In addition to a range of body shades, the Citroën DS3's distinctive 'floating' roof is available in a choice of four colours - Black, White, Blue and Red - to contrast with the main body of the car. The wing mirrors and rubbing strips can also be personalised in colours or smart chrome finish and the wheels and wheel centres are available in a wide spectrum of colours.

The inside, Citroën DS3 can offer further personalisation with the dashboard strip - which encompasses the air vents, instrument cluster, multi-function screens and even a scented air-fresher - in a choice of six finishes.

The modern seat upholstery design is available in a variety of coloured fabrics and leather; even the gear knob can be tailored in five different trims, combining satin-finish chrome with an array of colours and leather. The smart chrome touches which adorn the Citroën DS3's cabin will also be available in a satin-textured finish. You can even carry a bit of your Citroën DS3 with you thanks to each distinctly styled Citroën DS3 key fob featuring a disc coloured to match your choice of body paint.

ENERGY AND ELEGANCE
Proving that environmentally-considerate motoring doesn't mean having to compromise on style or performance, the Citroën DS3 will be available with a choice of five CO2-efficient Euro V power plants consisting of two HDi diesel units and three BMW co-developed petrol engines, combining refined performance with strong fuel economy.

The two HDi diesels - a 90bhp and an 110bhp - are fitted with Citroën's lauded DPFS (Diesel Particulate Filter System) and the three petrol engines - VTi 95, VTi 120 and THP 150 - are fitted with either 5 or 6 speed manual gearboxes.

Fully in line with Citroën's commitment to producing cleaner, more environmentally considerate vehicles, the two HDi DPFS engines will deliver ultra low CO2 emissions of just 99g/km and 115/g km, whilst the petrol units will emit between 136/km and 160g/km.

LOST IN SPACE
Both enjoyable and easy to live with, the Citroën DS3 combines high-end style with practical versatility, creating an exceptionally spacious cabin out of its compact external dimensions - a Citroën speciality.

One of the smallest vehicles in its class - 3.95m long, 1.71m wide and 1.46m high - the Citroën DS3's interior belies its neat frame, setting a new class standard for spaciousness. The result of extensive work on the architecture of the car's interior design, occupants can enjoy levels of roominess normally associated with models in the segment above.

A 'raised' dashboard design creates increased amounts of front leg room whilst the slender front seats and intelligent rear design increases space for rear occupants with all passengers able to enjoy five full-sized seats and ample arm, leg and headroom.

The Citroën DS3 also boasts the largest boot in its class at 285-litres, and for additional load capacity the 60:40 split-fold rear bench can be tumbled forward in a single, effortless movement.

FUN AT THE WHEEL
A cockpit-inspired driving position puts the driver firmly in control with a sports-styled instrument cluster featuring three conical dials, small-diameter wheel and low-slung, body-hugging seats. Citroën DS3 delivers a nimble driving experience with a turning circle of around 10.3m also making it a surefooted companion for manoeuvring around cramped urban environments.

Building upon Citroën's extensive experience in producing smooth running-gear, Citroën DS3 delivers impressive ride comfort together with responsive road-handling and dynamic poise. Drivers also benefit from excellent body roll control, responsive and confident cornering thus providing a secure and fulfilling drive.

I.C.E. COOL
Citroën DS3 is available with Citroën's latest in-car technology such as the integrated MyWay satellite navigation unit which incorporates a sophisticated audio and multimedia system, wide format colour screen, MP3 and WMA compatible CD player and Bluetooth® hands free kit. Providing exceptional acoustic clarity, the audio system benefits from a third speaker in the middle of the upper dashboard as well as an amplified subwoofer mounted in the boot for a broader frequency response and immersive audio experience.

A convenient range of driving aids will also be available including cruise control with speed limiter, and an intelligent indicator which recommends the optimal moment for gear changes allowing drivers to improve their fuel economy and lower CO2 emissions.

PLAY IT SAFE
The Citroën DS3 is designed with an emphasis on robustness, strength and optimum safety to ensure protection for all occupants. For reassuring control in any driving situation Citroën DS3 models will feature as standard ESP, ABS with EBD (Electronic Brakeforce Distribution) and EBA (Emergency Brake Assist) as well as six airbags and Isofix anchor points on the rear side seats.
Read More

Thursday, March 8, 2012

Mitsubishi i-MiEV, 2011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mitsubishi i-MiEV, 2011

Making the best use of the mid-ship architecture of this new urban vehicle, the electric "i" or "i MiEV" then was announced in October 2006 as a research vehicle powered by a compact and lightweight motor and high-energy density lithium-ion batteries.

40 years of EV know-how at Mitsubishi
When announced as an EV research vehicle back in October 2006, the then non-hyphened "i MiEV" was the outcome of forty years of research and development at Mitsubishi in the area of electric powertrain.

As a reminder, work on the development and production of EVs started at Mitsubishi in October 1966, when Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd (In 1970, the automobile division of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. was spun off to become today's Mitsubishi Motors Corporation) was commissioned by Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) to build EV prototypes and conduct testing programs using improved battery technology: an inaugural EV program that was followed by several others, all laying the foundations for today's i-MiEV production car.

Mitsubishi Motors was also one of the first auto manufacturers to recognize the superiority of the lithium-ion battery over lead-acid batteries in terms of energy and output densities as demonstrated through the development in 1994 of the Chariot HEV plug-in hybrid, itself followed by various and successive testing programs to seek further improvements in performance, safety, reliability and durability.

Over 500,000 km of thorough testing
With the intention of moving the then "i MiEV" into commercial production Mitsubishi Motors carried out a number of in-house testing programs where the car sailed through, including extensive poor surface track, durability and reliability and crashworthiness.

In parallel, Mitsubishi i-MiEV went through a process of acquiring data through extensive fleet testing under a variety of climatic and real driving conditions. As an example, in Japan, a year-long joint proving program with 7 Japanese power companies using 37 development cars was carried out, covering a total of 300,000 km of testing and everyday commercial use.

The same process was engaged outside of Japan as well. In the case of Europe, 11 cars were used for a further 200,000 km of testing in a joint effort among Mitsubishi Corporation, its MC Automobile (Europe) N.V. subsidiary, Mitsubishi Motors Corporation and Mitsubishi Motors Europe towards European customers, be they corporate or private.

Self (battery)-reliant
In a further step towards making electric vehicles a viable business proposition, on December 12, 2007 Mitsubishi Motors Corporation joined hands with GS Yuasa Corporation and Mitsubishi Corporation and set up "Lithium Energy Japan" (LEJ), to develop, manufacture and sell large-size lithium-ion cells.

Within the LEJ joint-venture each partner brought its own leading know-how:
  •     GS Yuasa possesses advanced technologies in large lithium-ion batteries and is striving to broaden their applications.
  •     Mitsubishi Corporation intends to enter the battery manufacturing business and aims to create other related businesses as well.
  •     Mitsubishi Motors Corporation - which had electric cars on the road in Japan as early as 1971 - is working to strengthen its prominent position in (proprietary) EV technology.
LEJ plans to ramp up production of lithium-ion cells for use in powering Mitsubishi i-MiEV, enough from a start during FY2009 at its new plant in Kusatsu City Shiga Prefecture - the world's first plant dedicated to the mass-production of lithium-ion batteries for EVs, and to increase production volume thereafter with appropriate capacity to accompany the sales development of MMC's EVs:
  •     2,300 units (= equivalent of Mitsubishi i-MiEV traction battery packs) from June 2009,
  •     4,500 units from June 2010,
  •     With the start of production at LEJ's Kyoto plant the figure should reach 11,000 units,
  •     Lastly, the Ritto plant should allow for a total of 50,000 units from December 2012.
Space saving architecture
As a reminder, Mitsubishi i-MiEV is based on the "i" minicar platform where the rear-midship petrol engine and floor-mounted central fuel tank are replaced with a lithium-ion traction battery pack, the motor, the inverter and other EV components with only a modicum of modifications required to turn the petrol "i" into Mitsubishi i-MiEV.

This feature allowed the installation of a large capacity high density lithium-ion 88-cell traction battery pack within the long 2,550 mm wheelbase, i.e. without compromising seating for 4, whilst lowering the center of gravity of the car (by 65 mm vs. the petrol-powered "i") and protecting the batteries in case of a crash. Same for replacing i's 660 cc internal combustion engine with the 66.6ps/49 kW permanent magnet synchronous electric motor and ancillaries which preserved all 227 l of luggage space (extended to 860 l when both rear seats are folded down - VDA method).

High Capacity / Low costs
EV traction batteries must have high energy density. For that purpose, Mitsubishi i-MiEV utilizes LEJ's specifically developed high density lithium-ion battery pack, where each high capacity battery module can fit under the floor.

By design, Mitsubishi i-MiEV accepts 2 types of traction battery charging systems:
    The "Household Charging System" for anywhere near an ordinary electric outlet, via the household charger plug located on the right side of the vehicle: using European 230V 1 phase (16A) current, Mitsubishi i-MiEV can be re-charged in 6 hours from "Low Energy" warning. (Actual charging times may vary depending on such factors as air temperature and power source status).
    The "Quick Charger System" for speedy charging - where utilities, power companies, municipalities or corporations have installed quick chargers. There, Mitsubishi i-MiEV can be connected via the Quick Charger plug located on the left side of the vehicle: using the three-phase 200V 50 kW Quick Charge System, the car can be recharged from zero to 80% of its total charge in about 30 minutes (Actual charging times may vary depending on such factors as air temperature and power source status).

Motor (power unit)
Mitsubishi i-MiEV uses a high-efficiency compact and lightweight permanent magnet synchronous electric motor specially developed for the vehicle.

This unit generates maximum torque from low engine speeds (180 Nm - 0 to 2,000 rpm) to deliver powerful response (66.6ps/49 kW) and a seamless driving experience. When the vehicle slows down the regenerative braking system causes the motor to operate as a generator, the energy recovered being stored in the drive battery.

Transmission
Mitsubishi i-MiEV uses a lightweight and compact single-speed reduction gear transmission, exploiting the high low-end torque inherent to the electric motor and eliminating the need for complex gear shifting mechanisms as found in internal combustion engine powered vehicles.

On-board charger
Mitsubishi i-MiEV comes with a compact, lightweight on-board charger that allows the traction battery to be charged using a domestic AC line (voltage depends on the country).

DC/DC converter
The DC/DC converter is used to charge the 12-volt auxiliary battery and power electrical equipment. It is integrated with the on-board charger in a single unit to reduce size and weight.

Inverter
Mitsubishi i-MiEV 's motor is driven by an alternating current. The inverter converts high-voltage direct current from the traction battery to alternating current and supplies motor with the power required to drive the vehicle.

"MiEV OS" operating system
In this respect, Mitsubishi's "MiEV OS" (or "MiEV Operating System") - an advanced integrated vehicle management system into which the company has poured its wealth of know-how gained from decades of electric vehicle R&D - has provided the kind of high performance and reliability that befits a new-generation EV. "MiEV OS" has been awarded "2009 Japan Automotive Hall of Fame Car Technology of the Year" by the Japan Automotive Hall of Fame, a non-profit organization.

"MiEV OS" gathers data and information from all the major EV components to provide integrated management of the car's performance. This advanced management system constantly monitors battery status and the energy recovered from the regenerative brakes while regulating output to ensure smooth and powerful acceleration from a full stop. As a result the system optimizes and minimizes energy consumption to deliver the most appropriate actual on-road performance.
Read More